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瞓夠考試表現好 益緒寧減輕壓力助睡眠

精簡版於2022年04月22日晴報刊登

 

今天是中學文憑試開考的第一天;經歷多次停課和嚴峻的第五波疫情,以及每天考試前的快速病毒測試,本屆考生的擔心及顧慮更多、心理壓力亦更大。測考焦慮(Test Anxiety)是指考生對測驗考試的焦慮症狀,如憂鬱、精神緊張、心跳加速、以至失眠及腸胃不適等。有綜合研究指出,全球15-22%考生有嚴重測考焦慮情況,影響精神健康和測考表現。

測考焦慮損睡眠  LPC-37益生菌助安睡

備戰公開試,不少考生每分每刻都在備考狀態。有時可能已躺在床上,但腦袋還在想著考試而毫無睡意。土耳其研究調查百多名高中生,在考試前的睡眠狀態和焦慮程度。結果發現考生的測考焦慮指數越高、其睡眠問題亦越嚴重。美國亦有研究調查百多名統計系本科生,在六天考試期的壓力和睡眠變化。結果發現在考試前兩天已有睡眠問題的考生,在日間精神的壓力增加,影響當晚睡眠;導致第二天的精神壓力更高,造成惡性循環。考試的精神壓力亦因睡眠問題而累積,影響考試表現。研究數據指出,壓力指數每上升一個標準差(standard deviation)級別,考試平均成績便下降兩次等級,如由C-變成D。睡眠質素對精神壓力以至考試表現的影響深遠,考生們不容忽視。

前文介紹的情緒益生菌副乾酪乳桿菌 Lpc-37 (Lactobacillus paracasei Lpc-37 )亦有緩解壓力、寧神安睡的作用。英國有研究邀請近二百名大學生,服用 Lpc-37或安慰劑十週。結果發現,服用 Lpc-37組別的睡眠質量指數較安慰劑組高、睡眠更安穩。

壓力皮質醇抑表現   LPC-37益生菌利減壓

當腦部感受到危機,便會激發腦下丘--腦下垂體--腎上腺系統(hypothalamus--pituitary--adrenal axis) 令腎上腺分泌壓力賀爾蒙:皮質醇(Cortisol)。及時適量的皮質醇能促進感官及專注力,幫助身體發揮潛能以應對;但過量的皮質醇却能令身體過度緊張而影響表現。

皮質醇亦是測考焦慮的指標之一。英國有研究追蹤六十多名醫科生的壓力指數、唾液皮質醇濃度及考試表現。發現在考試前的壓力指數和皮質醇濃度都有所上升;而在考試前皮質醇濃度上升越多的考生,其考試表現越差。考試形式亦會影響皮質醇濃度:德國有研究測量近百名學生面對不同形式的題目時的皮質醇變化。發現面對背誦式題目比知識運用及自由寫作考生,其皮質醇上升更多。亦有另一德國研究發現,面對筆試考生的皮質醇濃度只在當天考試前升高;而要口試的考生皮質醇濃度却在考試前後都維持高水平。

要緩解考試壓力、改善皮質醇水平,除可運用正向思考和心理調適外,益生菌Lpc-37亦有所助益。德國有研究邀請120名健康人士分別服用Lpc-37 及安慰劑五星期。結果發現服用Lpc-37組別感受到的壓力明顯減少,自覺健康及生產力亦有明顯改善。考生可服用富含Lpc-37的益緒寧,幫助改善睡眠及舒緩壓力、維持考試表現。

考試壓力除會增加睡眠問題和皮質醇外,還會影響腸道及免疫力。益纖菌富含100 億能調節腸道、緩解不適的嗜酸乳桿菌NCFM,及增強免疫力的雙歧桿菌HN019益生菌,亦是維持健康的好選擇。

祝各位DSE考生試試順利,科科高分。

 

 

參考資料/延伸閱讀:

<益生第一關>2021/02/18--『益生菌紓壓助眠 身心健康齊抗疫』

https://hskgene.com/blogs/probiolife-first/sleep_quality

 

<益生第一關>2021/01/21--『益生菌助情緒行為發展 保孩子健康快樂』

https://hskgene.com/blogs/probiolife-first/ps128_kids

 

<益生第一關>2021/12/31--『益生菌副乾酪乳桿菌 紓壓護腦減焦慮』

https://hskgene.com/blogs/probiolife-first/brain_and_probiotics

 

<益生第一關>2021/07/30 --『腸道大腦互影響 行為健康同維持』

https://hskgene.com/blogs/probiolife-first/gut-brain-axis-behavior

 

Easy Reading:

考季到來!醫師分享考試必勝秘技,破除考試焦慮症候群 |Heho健康 |2020-06-24

https://heho.com.tw/archives/87752

 

「考試焦慮症」怎麼辦?| 聖雅各福群會灣仔綜合家庭服務中心

https://ifsc.sjs.org.hk/?p=13565

 

文憑試與精神健康| Coolminds|2021-07-04

https://www.coolmindshk.com/zh/%E6%96%87%E6%86%91%E8%A9%A6%E8%88%87%E7%B2%BE%E7%A5%9E%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7/

 

楊定一:別讓負面情緒接管心念| 康健雜誌| 2015-11-01

https://www.commonhealth.com.tw/article/70755

 

Research delves into link between test anxiety and poor sleep | The University of Kansas |2021-04-28

https://news.ku.edu/2021/04/23/research-delves-link-between-test-anxiety-and-poor-sleep

 

Google Images:

益生菌腸腦軸  Probiotics gut-brain axis

 

學術論文:

von der Embse N, Jester D, Roy D, Post J. Test anxiety effects, predictors, and correlates: A 30-year meta-analytic review. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2018;227: 483–493. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.048

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165032717303683?casa_token=T5MURi36U_UAAAAA:45NJHRzdexl5L6emzI88rZD_rlPO9LQLzY8EX3bGpTl5BkyNSGiHSfpjmtr6KmQ03ctkWQ_Cyg

 

Köse S, Kurucu Yılmaz Ş, Göktaş S. The relationship between exam anxiety levels and sleep quality of senior high school students. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. 2018;9: 105–111. doi:10.14744/phd.2018.05025

https://phdergi.org/jvi.aspx?un=PHD-05025&volume=9&issue=2

 

Hamilton N, Freche R, Zhang Y, Zeller G, Carroll I. Test Anxiety and Poor Sleep: A Vicious Cycle. IntJ Behav Med. 2021;28: 250–258. doi:10.1007/s12529-021-09973-1

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12529-021-09973-1#Sec11

Patterson E, Griffin SM, Ibarra A, Ellsiepen E, Hellhammer J. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Lpc-37® improves psychological and physiological markers of stress and anxiety in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled and parallel clinical trial (the Sisu study). Neurobiology of Stress. 2020;13: 100277. doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2020.100277

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7770962/

Hinds JA, Sanchez ER. The Role of the Hypothalamus–Pituitary–Adrenal (HPA) Axis in Test-Induced Anxiety: Assessments, Physiological Responses, and Molecular Details. Stresses. 2022;2: 146–155. doi:10.3390/stresses2010011

https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7140/2/1/11/htm

 

Minkley N, Kirchner WH. Influence of test tasks with different cognitive demands on salivary cortisol concentrations in school students. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 2012;86: 245–250. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.09.015

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Preuß D, Schoofs D, Schlotz W, Wolf OT. The stressed student: Influence of written examinations and oral presentations on salivary cortisol concentrations in university students. Stress. 2010;13: 221–229. doi:10.3109/10253890903277579

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Hearn JH, Stocker CJ. Mindfulness practice correlates with reduced exam-induced stress and improved exam performance in preclinical medical students with the “acting with awareness”, “non-judging” and “non-reacting” facets of mindfulness particularly associated with improved exam performance. BMC Psychology. 2022;10: 41. doi:10.1186/s40359-022-00754-3

https://bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40359-022-00754-3

 

Mäkelä SM, Griffin SM, Reimari J, Evans KC, Hibberd AA, Yeung N, et al. Efficacy and safety of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Lpc-37® in students facing examination stress: A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (the ChillEx study). Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health. 2023;32: 100673. doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100673 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10474370/ 

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